POOL/AFP

After years of delays, France on
January 1 ditched a system whereby residents file income tax returns
based on the previous year’s earnings, replacing it with a system where
the state deducts the taxes directly from people’s salaries or pensions
each month.

Opinion polls show the French broadly
supporting the change but the shift presents risks for President
Emmanuel Macron, not least that workers may feel poorer when they
receive their new net pay — even if they will no longer have to save up
to pay their taxes three times a year.

Any
glitches in the new system which could see taxpayers pay more than they
bargained for could further infuriate the “yellow vest” anti-government
protesters who have been demonstrating around the country since
mid-November over Macron’s fiscal policies, which they see as skewed
towards the rich.

Visiting a tax query call centre in the
northern city of Amiens, Budget Minister Gerald Darmanin attempted to
assure the French that the change would be painless.

“Taxation at source is like the mobile phone.
In a month’s time we’ll be wondering how we ever managed without it,” he
said, calling it a “big step forward for the French”.

He attempted to silence the doomsayers, noting
that so far there was no sign of the much-prophesied chaos and that the
number of queries received by the call centre were on a par with an
average month.

93 million letters

The shift to a pay-as-you-earn system was
adopted by the Socialist government of Macron’s predecessor Francois
Hollande, but is only now being implemented, after some dithering by
Macron on the issue.

To prepare the French for the change the government has sent 93 million letters and emails explaining the new system.

The move, which will only affect the 43
percent of households liable for income tax, brings France in line with
most Western countries but comes at a critical juncture for the Macron.

Over the past six weeks, “yellow vest”
demonstrators — so-called after the high-visibility jackets they wear
— have repeatedly clashed with police in Paris and other big cities,
plunging Macron’s presidency into crisis.

The “yellow vest” movement began in rural
France over fuel taxes and quickly ballooned into a wider revolt against
the 41-year-old president’s pro-business policies and perceived
arrogance by low-paid workers and pensioners.

In mid-December, he attempted to calm the rebellion by backtracking on a planned increase in anti-pollution fuel taxes.

He also announced 10 billion euros ($11.4
billion) in tax breaks and income support for the low-paid and retirees,
setting back his deficit-reduction drive in the process.

Since then the protests have appeared to lose steam.

In his New Year’s address to the nation on
Monday, Macron vowed to resume his reforms programme in 2019, including
trimming the sprawling public sector and shaking up the unemployment and
pension systems, all potential political minefields.